Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder that mainly affects the central face. It is primarily characterized by recurrent episodes of flushing, persistent erythema, inflammatory papules, telangiectasias, phymatous changes, and ocular symptoms. Its pathogenesis is complex and still not completely understood. It encompasses innate and adaptive immune system dysregulation, neurovascular dysfunction, and genetic and environmental factors. To date, four subtypes of rosacea have been identified, based on the predominant clinical features: erythemato-teleangiectatic, papulopustular, pyhomatous, and ocular rosacea. New insights into this condition have led to several pharmacological treatments, including topical medications, spanning from the conventional azelaic acid, metronidazole, benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, and erythromycin to new ones including not only brimonidine, oxymetazoline, ivermectine, and minocycline but also systemic drugs such as oral antibiotics, isotretinoin, non-selective β-blockers or α2-adrenergic agonists, and laser- or light-based therapies, together with new therapeutic approaches. The aim of this study was to review the current literature on the pathophysiology of rosacea and to provide an overview of therapeutic approaches that specifically address each clinical subtype. © 2024 by the authors.

Galluccio, G., D’Onghia, M., Malvaso, D., Lazzeri, L., Cinotti, E., Rubegni, G., et al. (2024). Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Rosacea: A Phenotype-Based Therapeutic Approach. COSMETICS, 11(1), 1-18 [10.3390/cosmetics11010011].

Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Rosacea: A Phenotype-Based Therapeutic Approach

Lazzeri, Laura;Cinotti, Elisa;Rubegni, Giovanni;Rubegni, Pietro;Calabrese, Laura
2024-01-01

Abstract

Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder that mainly affects the central face. It is primarily characterized by recurrent episodes of flushing, persistent erythema, inflammatory papules, telangiectasias, phymatous changes, and ocular symptoms. Its pathogenesis is complex and still not completely understood. It encompasses innate and adaptive immune system dysregulation, neurovascular dysfunction, and genetic and environmental factors. To date, four subtypes of rosacea have been identified, based on the predominant clinical features: erythemato-teleangiectatic, papulopustular, pyhomatous, and ocular rosacea. New insights into this condition have led to several pharmacological treatments, including topical medications, spanning from the conventional azelaic acid, metronidazole, benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, and erythromycin to new ones including not only brimonidine, oxymetazoline, ivermectine, and minocycline but also systemic drugs such as oral antibiotics, isotretinoin, non-selective β-blockers or α2-adrenergic agonists, and laser- or light-based therapies, together with new therapeutic approaches. The aim of this study was to review the current literature on the pathophysiology of rosacea and to provide an overview of therapeutic approaches that specifically address each clinical subtype. © 2024 by the authors.
2024
Galluccio, G., D’Onghia, M., Malvaso, D., Lazzeri, L., Cinotti, E., Rubegni, G., et al. (2024). Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Rosacea: A Phenotype-Based Therapeutic Approach. COSMETICS, 11(1), 1-18 [10.3390/cosmetics11010011].
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
cosmetics-11-00011.pdf

accesso aperto

Descrizione: Articolo
Tipologia: PDF editoriale
Licenza: Creative commons
Dimensione 1 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
1 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1256101