Argynnis pandora (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) in Toscana (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

Argynnis pandora (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) in Tuscany (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Reports published between 1869 and 2013 and unpublished records collected between 1972 and 2013 suggest that Argynnis pandora (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) is a rare species with a restricted distribution in Tuscany. Indeed, it is only known from about 50 sites in fifteen 10x10 UTM squares. It lives from sea level to altitudes of 1500 m and flies from the early of May to the first half of October. It appears to be a low montane species, mainly occurring between 700 - 1000 m in mainland Tuscany and 200 - 700 m in the Tuscan Archipelago. The known range probably matches its actual presence in Tuscany, although new field research may reveal it in other areas (Monte Argentario, upper Val Tiberina, Alpi Apuane and southeastern Elba Island), where suitable habitats exist.