Smoke and Ozone effect on murine inflammatory responses

Air pollution has been associated to many different diseases, such as cancer, respiratory, cardiovascular and cutaneous chronic diseases. These effects are enhanced in people exposed to combined air pollutants, such as ozone and cigarette smoke. Chronic exposure to these pollutants causes an increase in oxidative stress and inflammation and has been associated with an increase in pulmonary diseases and mortality. Clinical and epidemiological studies reported an inter-individual variability in the adverse health effects of air pollutants, suggesting a genetic predisposition. The identification of subgroups of the population who are particularly vulnerable to air pollution is then of importance. Mice models are an useful tool for studying the mechanisms underlying different susceptibility, since they show differences in strain responses to both ozone and cigarette smoke. This review analyzes the role of inflammation and the influence of genetic factors on the mechanisms of lung injury caused by ozone and cigarette smoke.