Among the many institutions that sought to exercise tight control in early modern Italy was the papal Holy Office. The functioning of the Inquisition was made possible by the work of an extensive societas Inquisitionis, comprising hundreds of individuals engaged in a wide variety of roles within the inquisitorial apparatus (notaries, lawyers, consultants, soldiers, agents; as well as apothecaries, butchers, peasants, customs officers, postal officials, and others). What bound these men to the ecclesiastical institution? This essay examines the mechanisms of remuneration through which such servants were recruited. The documentation consulted reveals that only a portion of those officially appointed received monetary compensation; the majority were not paid a regular wage but were instead granted small gratuities during major religious festivals. Their true recompense lay elsewhere: in privileges such as full (or near-full) tax exemption, the right to be tried before the inquisitorial court, significant social favours, and generous indulgences extended to themselves and their associates. It was this condition of immunity and superiority in relation to the prevailing secular authorities that functioned as a form of intangible salary.

Tra le molteplici istituzioni che perseguirono un saldo controllo nell’Italia moderna vi fu il Sant’Uffizio papale. L’azione inquisitoriale si rese possibile grazie al lavoro di una estesa societas Inquisitionis, composta da centinaia di uomini, i quali entrarono a far parte dell’entou- rage inquisitoriale nelle più svariate mansioni (notai, avvocati, consultori, soldati, mandatari; droghieri, macellai, contadini, ma anche doganieri, ufficiali di posta ecc.). Cosa tenne legati questi impiegati all’istituzione ecclesiastica? Il saggio analizza i meccanismi di retribuzione con cui furono assoldati tali servitori. La documentazione consultata dimostra come solo parte dei patentati fu ricompensata in denaro, mentre la maggioranza di loro non ricevette uno stipendio periodico, ma soltanto mance nelle festività solenni. Di altro tipo fu la ricompensa data ai ser- vitori: il privilegio, ossia l’esenzione totale (o quasi) dalle tasse, il foro inquisitoriale, importanti favori sociali, nonché ricche indulgenze per sé e i propri accoliti. Fu proprio la condizione di immunità e superiorità rispetto alle autorità vigenti a essere offerta e recepita alla stregua di uno stipendio immateriale.

Solera, D. (2025). Quis “solvet” ipsos custodes? Logiche retributive dell’Inquisizione romana tra compensi formali, privilegi e indulgenze. RICERCHE STORICHE, 55(2), 23-36.

Quis “solvet” ipsos custodes? Logiche retributive dell’Inquisizione romana tra compensi formali, privilegi e indulgenze

Dennj Solera
2025-01-01

Abstract

Among the many institutions that sought to exercise tight control in early modern Italy was the papal Holy Office. The functioning of the Inquisition was made possible by the work of an extensive societas Inquisitionis, comprising hundreds of individuals engaged in a wide variety of roles within the inquisitorial apparatus (notaries, lawyers, consultants, soldiers, agents; as well as apothecaries, butchers, peasants, customs officers, postal officials, and others). What bound these men to the ecclesiastical institution? This essay examines the mechanisms of remuneration through which such servants were recruited. The documentation consulted reveals that only a portion of those officially appointed received monetary compensation; the majority were not paid a regular wage but were instead granted small gratuities during major religious festivals. Their true recompense lay elsewhere: in privileges such as full (or near-full) tax exemption, the right to be tried before the inquisitorial court, significant social favours, and generous indulgences extended to themselves and their associates. It was this condition of immunity and superiority in relation to the prevailing secular authorities that functioned as a form of intangible salary.
2025
Solera, D. (2025). Quis “solvet” ipsos custodes? Logiche retributive dell’Inquisizione romana tra compensi formali, privilegi e indulgenze. RICERCHE STORICHE, 55(2), 23-36.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1297454