In patients with atherosclerotic disease, the occurrence of atherothrombotic events is the main determinant of morbidity and mortality. Growing evidence suggests the involvement of the coagulation pathway in the atherosclerotic process and the benefit of antithrombotic agents, such as direct oral anticoagulants, which interfere with both platelet aggregation and the coagulation cascade. The COMPASS trial has shown that in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD), low-dose rivaroxaban (2.5 mg twice daily) added to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 100 mg reduces major vascular events and mortality, with an increase in major bleeding but not in fatal bleeding or involving a critical organ. The reduction in major cardiovascular events has been confirmed in the overall population with CAD and in both patients with and without a previous percutaneous coronary revascularization, and also in patients with previous coronary bypass surgery. In patients with PAD, the combination of rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily and ASA was found to reduce both major adverse cardiovascular events and major adverse limb events, including major limb amputations. In clinical practice, the use of rivaroxaban 2.5 mg co-administered with ASA has been approved in both patients with CAD and symptomatic PAD at high risk of ischemic events. However, in Italy, the national health system reimbursement is provided only for patients with PAD. In patients treated with rivaroxaban 2.5 mg, assessment and monitoring of bleeding risk is crucial to achieve the maximum clinical benefit.
Nei pazienti con malattia aterosclerotica gli eventi aterotrombotici sono la principale causa di morbilità e mortalità. Studi preclinici e clinici suggeriscono il coinvolgimento della cascata coagulativa nel processo aterosclerotico e il possibile beneficio dell’utilizzo di agenti antitrombotici, come gli anticoagulanti orali diretti, che interferiscono sia sull’aggregazione piastrinica che sulla cascata coagulativa. Lo studio COMPASS ha dimostrato che, in pazienti con malattia coronarica (CAD) stabile o arteriopatia periferica (PAD), rivaroxaban a basso dosaggio (2.5 mg bid) associato all’acido acetilsalicilico (ASA) riduce gli eventi vascolari maggiori e la mortalità, con un incremento nell’incidenza di sanguinamenti maggiori ma non dei sanguinamenti fatali o in organi critici. La riduzione degli eventi avversi maggiori cardiovascolari è stata confermata in tutta la popolazione con CAD e sia nei pazienti precedentemente sottoposti ad angioplastica coronarica che in quelli non trattati con angioplastica coronarica, così come nei pazienti con pregresso bypass aortocoronarico. Nei pazienti con PAD, l’associazione rivaroxaban a basso dosaggio con ASA riduce sia gli eventi avversi cardiovascolari maggiori che gli eventi avversi maggiori degli arti inferiori, incluse le amputazioni maggiori. Nella pratica clinica, l’uso di rivaroxaban 2.5 mg è stato approvato sia nei pazienti con CAD che nei pazienti con PAD sintomatica ed alto rischio di eventi ischemici, ma la rimborsabilità da parte del Sistema Sanitario Nazionale è prevista solo per i pazienti con PAD. Nei pazienti trattati con rivaroxaban 2.5 mg, la valutazione ed il monitoraggio del rischio emorragico è fondamentale per trarre il massimo beneficio clinico.
Di Fusco, S.A., Rizzello, V., Scicchitano, P., Luca, F., Altamura, V., Bianco, M., et al. (2022). ANMCO position paper: Evidence and practical guidance for the use of low-dose rivaroxaban in stable coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial disease [Position paper ANMCO: Evidenze e indicazioni pratiche per l’impiego di rivaroxaban a bassa dose nella malattia coronarica stabile e nell’arteriopatia periferica]. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI CARDIOLOGIA, 23(12), 967-976 [10.1714/3913.38965].
ANMCO position paper: Evidence and practical guidance for the use of low-dose rivaroxaban in stable coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial disease [Position paper ANMCO: Evidenze e indicazioni pratiche per l’impiego di rivaroxaban a bassa dose nella malattia coronarica stabile e nell’arteriopatia periferica]
Valente S.;
2022-01-01
Abstract
In patients with atherosclerotic disease, the occurrence of atherothrombotic events is the main determinant of morbidity and mortality. Growing evidence suggests the involvement of the coagulation pathway in the atherosclerotic process and the benefit of antithrombotic agents, such as direct oral anticoagulants, which interfere with both platelet aggregation and the coagulation cascade. The COMPASS trial has shown that in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD), low-dose rivaroxaban (2.5 mg twice daily) added to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 100 mg reduces major vascular events and mortality, with an increase in major bleeding but not in fatal bleeding or involving a critical organ. The reduction in major cardiovascular events has been confirmed in the overall population with CAD and in both patients with and without a previous percutaneous coronary revascularization, and also in patients with previous coronary bypass surgery. In patients with PAD, the combination of rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily and ASA was found to reduce both major adverse cardiovascular events and major adverse limb events, including major limb amputations. In clinical practice, the use of rivaroxaban 2.5 mg co-administered with ASA has been approved in both patients with CAD and symptomatic PAD at high risk of ischemic events. However, in Italy, the national health system reimbursement is provided only for patients with PAD. In patients treated with rivaroxaban 2.5 mg, assessment and monitoring of bleeding risk is crucial to achieve the maximum clinical benefit.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1280081