In this second part of the work, after examining the context in which the flooding of the Arno on 13 September 1557 took place (see the previous issue of the journal), attention will focus on the policies and measures that the Medici government put in place to overcome the enormous inconvenience (and damage) that the flood had caused to the city of Florence and the territory. The activity of a special commission of ‘Four Commissioners for the cleaning up of the streets from the mud’ (vulgarly known as the ‘Officers of the Mota’) who were instituted with broad powers by Duke Cosimo I de’ Medici to deal with the immediate emergency in the city of Florence and to repair the enormous damage caused by the river in the capital (reinforcing the banks, cleaning up the mud, repairing the sewer network, repairing bridges, etc.) will be investigated. This experience had significant consequences not only for the control of the hydrographical network and water, for the urban-architectural layout of the city, for the institutional-administrative framework and for the authoritarian relationship established with the inhabitants, but it also led to new reflections and more general interventions in territorial and environmental policy, such as, for example, the interventions on the course of the Arno downstream and upstream of the city after 1560, or the promulgation of laws (1559) aimed at limiting deforestation and uncontrolled cultivation on the Apennines.

In questa seconda parte del lavoro, dopo aver esaminato il contesto in cui avvenne l’alluvione dell’Arno del 13 settembre 1557 (vedi Parte I), l’attenzione si concentrerà sulla politica e i provvedimenti che il governo mediceo mise in atto per superare gli enormi disagi (e i danni) che l’inondazione aveva causato alla città di Firenze e al territorio. Viene indagata soprattutto l’attività di una speciale commissione di Quattro Commissari (volgarmente detti gli “Ufficiali della Mota”) che furono istituiti con ampi poteri dal duca Cosimo I de’ Medici per fronteggiare nell’immediato l’emergenza nella città di Firenze e per riparare agli ingenti danni causati dal fiume nella capitale (argini, ripulitura del fango, sistemazioni fognarie, riparazioni ai ponti etc.). Un’esperienza che ebbe conseguenze rilevanti non solo per le attività di controllo della rete idrografica e delle acque, per l’assetto urbanistico-architettonico della città, per il quadro istituzionale-amministrativo e per il rapporto autoritario instaurato con i sudditi, ma indusse anche nuove riflessioni e interventi più generali di politica territoriale e ambientale come, ad esempio, gli interventi sul corso dell’Arno a valle e a monte della città dopo il 1560, oppure la promulgazione di leggi (nel 1559) tese a limitare il disboscamento e le coltivazioni incontrollate sugli appennini.

Zagli, A. (2024). Fronteggiare l’emergenza: il grande “diluvio” del 1557 a Firenze e in Toscana. (Parte II). RICERCHE STORICHE, 1(1), 41-67.

Fronteggiare l’emergenza: il grande “diluvio” del 1557 a Firenze e in Toscana. (Parte II)

ANDREA ZAGLI
2024-01-01

Abstract

In this second part of the work, after examining the context in which the flooding of the Arno on 13 September 1557 took place (see the previous issue of the journal), attention will focus on the policies and measures that the Medici government put in place to overcome the enormous inconvenience (and damage) that the flood had caused to the city of Florence and the territory. The activity of a special commission of ‘Four Commissioners for the cleaning up of the streets from the mud’ (vulgarly known as the ‘Officers of the Mota’) who were instituted with broad powers by Duke Cosimo I de’ Medici to deal with the immediate emergency in the city of Florence and to repair the enormous damage caused by the river in the capital (reinforcing the banks, cleaning up the mud, repairing the sewer network, repairing bridges, etc.) will be investigated. This experience had significant consequences not only for the control of the hydrographical network and water, for the urban-architectural layout of the city, for the institutional-administrative framework and for the authoritarian relationship established with the inhabitants, but it also led to new reflections and more general interventions in territorial and environmental policy, such as, for example, the interventions on the course of the Arno downstream and upstream of the city after 1560, or the promulgation of laws (1559) aimed at limiting deforestation and uncontrolled cultivation on the Apennines.
2024
Zagli, A. (2024). Fronteggiare l’emergenza: il grande “diluvio” del 1557 a Firenze e in Toscana. (Parte II). RICERCHE STORICHE, 1(1), 41-67.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1258454
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