This study reports the outcomes of botanical surveys of vascular plants carried out in the Castelvecchio Nature Reserve, located in the Municipality of San Gimignano (Siena province). The Reserve has an extension of 6.28 km2 with a predominance of calcareous bedrock. The compiled floristic inventory of the Reserve includes 454 species and subspecies, divided into 73 families and 185 genera. Data on life forms and chorological types are provided. The life-form spectrum revealed a dominance of hemicryptophytes followed by terophytes, whereas the chorological spectrum showed a majority of species with Eurasiatic distribution as opposed to a Mediterranean one, in line with the local macro and microclimatic conditions. Rare species in central Tuscany – such as Cleistogenes serotina subsp. serotina, Ononis natrix and Phagnalon sordidum − and two species on the Italian Red List − Galanthus nivalis and Ruscus aculeatus − were recorded. Also of interest is the occurrence of phytogeographically relevant entities as Taxus baccata and populations of Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica outside of its altitudinal belt. Compared to other areas of central and southern Tuscany, the Italian endemics − Digitalis micrantha, Helleborus viridis subsp. bocconei, Hieracium pallidum subsp. lanudae, Melampyrum italicum, Polygala flavescens subsp. flavescens, Scabiosa uniseta – were less numerous. The Reserve does not have a species pool typical of limestone as other protected areas of central or southern Tuscany. However, the mosaic of different communities, combined with geological and microclimatic factors, makes the Reserve highly relevant for the conservation of biodiversity in central Tuscany. Its peculiarity is the presence of isolated populations of mesophilous species that are confined to ravines with a cool microclimate and are in contact with xerophilous species of calcareous garrigues. Besides a valuable heterogeneity of environments in the Reserve it is worth nothing that there are only fourteen alien species, mainly with a casual status of invasivity.
Il presente lavoro riporta la flora vascolare della Riserva Naturale Regionale Castelvecchio, situata nel Comune di San Gimignano (Siena). La Riserva, con substrato di natura prevalentemente calcarea, ha un’estensione di 6,28 km2. Si riporta l’elenco floristico delle piante vascolari. Vengono inoltre forniti dati sulle forme biologiche e corologiche. Nel nostro contributo risultano 454 specie e sottospecie, suddivise in 73 famiglie e 185 generi. Lo spettro biologico rivela una dominanza di emicriptofite seguite dalle terofite, mentre lo spettro corologico mostra una maggioranza di specie a distribuzione eurasiatica rispetto a quella mediterranea, in accordo con le condizioni macro- e micro-climatiche. Sono presenti entità rare e/o con distribuzione frammentaria in Toscana come Cleistogenes serotina subsp. serotina, Ononis natrix e Phagnalon sordidum e due specie della Lista Rossa Italiana (Galanthus nivalis e Ruscus aculeatus). È inoltre da segnalare la presenza di entità rilevanti dal punto di vista fitogeografico come Taxus baccata, nonché popolazioni eterotopiche di Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica. Le entità endemiche sono 6 (Digitalis micrantha, Helleborus viridis subsp. bocconei, Hieracium pallidum subsp. lanudae, Melampyrum italicum, Polygala flavescens subsp. flavescens, Scabiosa uniseta), un numero relativamente basso rispetto ad altre aree calcaree della Toscana centro-meridionale. Questa Riserva non può quindi essere considerata un’isola biogeografica su calcare dal punto di vista botanico, come altre aree protette in Toscana meridionale. Tuttavia, il mosaico vegetazionale, unito alle particolari condizioni geologiche e microclimatiche, rendono comunque la Riserva Naturale di Castelvecchio un’area di notevole importanza per la conservazione della biodiversità floristica della Toscana centrale dove coesistono popolazioni relitte ed isolate di specie mesofile che sopravvivono grazie al microclima fresco e umido dei valloni, a stretto contatto con quelle xerofile di gariga calcarea. L’eterogeneità ambientale unita all’elevato grado di naturalità rende possibile la presenza di specie rare e/o fitogeograficamente rilevanti e solamente quattordici sono le specie esotiche, la maggior parte delle quali presenti in modo casuale.
Bonari, G., Selvi, F., Minniti, F., Frignani, F., Angiolini, C. (2018). Contribution to the vascular flora of Castelvecchio nature reserve (Central Tuscany, Italy). ATTI DELLA SOCIETÀ TOSCANA DI SCIENZE NATURALI RESIDENTE IN PISA. MEMORIE. SERIE B, 125, 77-86 [10.2424/ASTSN.M.2018.13].
Contribution to the vascular flora of Castelvecchio nature reserve (Central Tuscany, Italy)
Bonari, G.;Angiolini, C.
2018-01-01
Abstract
This study reports the outcomes of botanical surveys of vascular plants carried out in the Castelvecchio Nature Reserve, located in the Municipality of San Gimignano (Siena province). The Reserve has an extension of 6.28 km2 with a predominance of calcareous bedrock. The compiled floristic inventory of the Reserve includes 454 species and subspecies, divided into 73 families and 185 genera. Data on life forms and chorological types are provided. The life-form spectrum revealed a dominance of hemicryptophytes followed by terophytes, whereas the chorological spectrum showed a majority of species with Eurasiatic distribution as opposed to a Mediterranean one, in line with the local macro and microclimatic conditions. Rare species in central Tuscany – such as Cleistogenes serotina subsp. serotina, Ononis natrix and Phagnalon sordidum − and two species on the Italian Red List − Galanthus nivalis and Ruscus aculeatus − were recorded. Also of interest is the occurrence of phytogeographically relevant entities as Taxus baccata and populations of Fagus sylvatica subsp. sylvatica outside of its altitudinal belt. Compared to other areas of central and southern Tuscany, the Italian endemics − Digitalis micrantha, Helleborus viridis subsp. bocconei, Hieracium pallidum subsp. lanudae, Melampyrum italicum, Polygala flavescens subsp. flavescens, Scabiosa uniseta – were less numerous. The Reserve does not have a species pool typical of limestone as other protected areas of central or southern Tuscany. However, the mosaic of different communities, combined with geological and microclimatic factors, makes the Reserve highly relevant for the conservation of biodiversity in central Tuscany. Its peculiarity is the presence of isolated populations of mesophilous species that are confined to ravines with a cool microclimate and are in contact with xerophilous species of calcareous garrigues. Besides a valuable heterogeneity of environments in the Reserve it is worth nothing that there are only fourteen alien species, mainly with a casual status of invasivity.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1248637