Immigrati e sfruttati: i lavoratori agricoli stranieri in Toscana

Labour exploitation of foreign agricultural workers is a widespread phenomenon in many Italian regions as emerged by investigations and field research. Labor exploitation manifests itself not only through illegal practices, but also through more veiled forms of gray and undeclared labor as contractual irregularities. This paper presents the main findings of a qualitative research carried out in Tuscany between 2021 and 2022. The work aims to analyse the exploitation dynamics of migrant workers in the agricultural sector, with particular attention to their working conditions, the exploitation practices and their awareness level. The research was carried out through 40 in-depth interviews with privileged stakeholders and 85 interviews to migrant agricultural workers.