Local conditions for the decentralization of energy systems

Local energy systems (LES) are designed to decarbonise, balance, and coordinate supply, storage, and demand resources. Which local conditions enable LES to flourish? Using a unique dataset of 146 LES projects in the UK from 2010-2020, we apply econometric methods to identify energy, institutional and socioeconomic conditions significantly associated with LES, but not other local energy forms. We show distributed power generation, low-carbon infrastructure firm activity, local government strategy, and active energy efficiency markets are enablers of LES involving multiple actors, sectors, and skill sets. These conditions describe a clear policy agenda for stimulating and supporting emerging local energy markets.