Riordino delle Conoscenze sul Bacino Neogenico del Tora-Fine (Toscana-Italia)

The edition of the Nuova Carta Geologica d' Italia (scale 1:50.000) which will be, in a short time, published under the National Council of Researches aegis for the types of the Geological Survey of Italy, forced us to reorganize the geological knowledge of the Tora-Fine neogene basin, almost entirely included in the area of the FO 284 - Rosignano Marittimo. The essential outlines of the stratigraphy and tectonics knowledge of this basin are reported, more aver the reasons for which we reject some views incompatible with those resulting from our studies and obviously the nearest results of the same studies are illustrated. This note begins with the survey of the first geological studies, developed in the basin area between the second half of the nineteenth-century and the first half of the twentieth. In this period have been published works both of Italian and foreign researches, concerning mostly the aspects of the many malacofaunas, ichthyofaunas and fossil flora, for the most part of Upper Miocene. The geological maps published in this period have now only a historical meaning, because they don't report any information on the presence of the numerous faults pointed out by later studies. It’s only from the fifties that this aspect of the tectonics has been pointed out with a detailed geological maps, supported by a series of geological sections devoted to the stratigraphic specifications. But it 's only from the eighties that it has been confirmed by numerous micropaleonlological studies. The data on the ages and the sedimentary environment have been improved first for the western basin sector and, in the last years, in the eastern one. The progress of this basin knowledge, occurred at the same rate with the study of those adjacent, authorised us to correlate the principal stratigraphic units. With regard to particular positions on stratigraphy and tectonics, contrasting the results of our researches, they have been here shortly mentioned while for a more accurate analysis we refer both to already printed and in progress.