Il «commercio d’Ebrei con Cristiani». Profili della giustizia criminale toscana dalle «antiche severe leggi» ad una Causa celebre di Giovanni Carmignani

The essay studies the «carnal trade» between Jews and Christians, considered by the laws of Cosimo III one of the most serious of the delicta carnis, however disregarded by magistrates. In ‘common sense’ that crime was a sin; the jurists distinguished between a crime committed for lust - with the pecuniary penalty for the Jew surprised with the harlot - and a crime committed in contempt of religion, punishable by death. The Legislator followed Roman and canon law, which considered probite weddings as incestuous; the «Leopoldina» reserved the minimum punishment for incest to carnal trade. In 1826 the defensive memory of Giovanni Carmignani for Maria Anna P *, «born and educated Christian», posed the theme of punishing not sin, but crime, only if it was a public scandal, and proved following a formal trial.

1. Introduzione. La ‘lunga durata’ di un’immagine: la «copula perfi diosa» tra delitti di carne e delitti contro la religione. 2. Due Pratiche criminali toscane e le «antiche severe leggi». 3. «Non potendo ad alcuno imputarsi l’esser nato ebreo». Consulti a difesa. 4. L’art. 97 della «Leopoldina». 5. La «consultazione» di Giovanni Carmignani per Maria Anna P*, «nata ed educata cristiana».