The article proposes a critical reflection on the avenues to trigger the Constitutional Court in Italy, suggesting to look at thepreliminary reference (incidental review) ‘from below’, that is with the eyes of the subjects of the legal order. This new look leads, in the conclusions, to support and encourage the ‘maintenance’ of the constitutional review initiated by the Court in the last years, especially with the judgment n.1/2014, and to propose the introduction of new avenues. The question that leads to reflection is as follows: “it makes sense to have a system of constitutional justice which, in order to be able to appeal to the Constitutional Court, always and in any case, asks us to obtain a denial or to violate the law, exposing us to the risk of sanctions?”. In other words: “before the ‘suspect’ law (suspect of unconstitutionality), we must necessarily and personally suffer?”. The answer given to this question, “no”, is developed in two points. First of all, the tension between the needs of the constitutional State and the logic of the preliminary reference is highlighted, focusing on the question of obedience/disobedience to the ‘suspect’ law. Secondly, we consider the difficulties the constitutional State is facing in this historical moment, pointing out the necessity to reduce the cases in which disobedience is the only option. We maintain the need to find a way to deal, as far as possible, with the issue of the ‘suspect’ law within the normal constitutional life. This could be done by adding to the incidental one an abstract-concrete way of access, which allows to transform the ‘right of rebellion’ into ‘the right of action’, making the Constitution within people’s reach.

L’articolo propone una riflessione critica sulle vie di accesso al giudizio sulle leggi in Italia, suggerendo di guardare al giudizio incidentale ‘dal basso’, cioè con gli occhi dei soggetti dell’ordinamento. Questo nuovo sguardo conduce, nelle conclusioni, a supportare e incoraggiare l’automanutenzione avviata dalla Corte specialmente con la sentenza n.1/2014 e a interrogarsi sulla necessità di introdurre ulteriori vie di accesso. La domanda che guida la riflessione è la seguente: “è sensato un sistema di giustizia costituzionale che, perché sia possibile adire il giudice delle leggi, ci chiede, sempre e in ogni caso, di procurarci un rifiuto o di violare la legge, esponendoci al rischio di sanzioni?”. In altre parole: “di fronte alla legge ‘sospetta’, occorre necessariamente e personalmente soffrire?” La risposta che si dà a tale domanda, “no”, è sviluppata in due punti. Innanzitutto, si evidenzia la tensione tra le esigenze dello Stato costituzionale e la logica dell’accesso incidentale, soffermandosi sulla questione della obbedienza/disobbedienza alla legge‘sospetta’. In secondo luogo, si considerano i tempi difficili che lo Stato costituzionale attraversa, in questa epoca, evidenziando la necessità di ridurre gli spazi in cui la disobbedienza si configuri come l’unica opzione, per riportare la questione della legge ‘sospetta’ entro l’ordinarietà della vita costituzionale. Ciò potrebbe avvenire affiancando a quella incidentale una via di accesso di tipo astratto-concreto, che consenta di trasformare il ‘diritto di ribellione nel diritto di azione’ rendendo la ‘Costituzione a portata del popolo’.

Groppi, T. (2019). La Corte e ‘la gente’. Uno sguardo ‘dal basso’ all’accesso incidentale alla giustizia costituzionale. RIVISTA AIC(2), 408-437.

La Corte e ‘la gente’. Uno sguardo ‘dal basso’ all’accesso incidentale alla giustizia costituzionale

Tania Groppi
2019-01-01

Abstract

The article proposes a critical reflection on the avenues to trigger the Constitutional Court in Italy, suggesting to look at thepreliminary reference (incidental review) ‘from below’, that is with the eyes of the subjects of the legal order. This new look leads, in the conclusions, to support and encourage the ‘maintenance’ of the constitutional review initiated by the Court in the last years, especially with the judgment n.1/2014, and to propose the introduction of new avenues. The question that leads to reflection is as follows: “it makes sense to have a system of constitutional justice which, in order to be able to appeal to the Constitutional Court, always and in any case, asks us to obtain a denial or to violate the law, exposing us to the risk of sanctions?”. In other words: “before the ‘suspect’ law (suspect of unconstitutionality), we must necessarily and personally suffer?”. The answer given to this question, “no”, is developed in two points. First of all, the tension between the needs of the constitutional State and the logic of the preliminary reference is highlighted, focusing on the question of obedience/disobedience to the ‘suspect’ law. Secondly, we consider the difficulties the constitutional State is facing in this historical moment, pointing out the necessity to reduce the cases in which disobedience is the only option. We maintain the need to find a way to deal, as far as possible, with the issue of the ‘suspect’ law within the normal constitutional life. This could be done by adding to the incidental one an abstract-concrete way of access, which allows to transform the ‘right of rebellion’ into ‘the right of action’, making the Constitution within people’s reach.
2019
Groppi, T. (2019). La Corte e ‘la gente’. Uno sguardo ‘dal basso’ all’accesso incidentale alla giustizia costituzionale. RIVISTA AIC(2), 408-437.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1095456