Divergent paths to mass schooling at Europe’s poles? Regional differences in Italy and Sweden,1840-1900

This article presents a comparative analysis of regional differences in education in Italy and Sweden in the late 19th century. Using both quantitative and qualitative evidence, the comparison indicates that the character of regional inequalities differed, despite the decentralized organization of schools in both countries. This article also raises important questions regarding whether these differences may be explained by differences in the demand for schooling, in the state support of schooling, or in institutional arrangements, such as ambulatory schools and junior schools.