Massive anterior chamber involvement in advanced retinoblastoma following intra-arterial chemotherapy

Purpose to describe retinoblastoma massive anterior chamber involvement after treatment with intra-arterial chemotherapy. This condition represents an extremely poor prognostic sign for ocular preservation in patients with retinoblastoma. Therefore, anterior chamber retinoblastoma should be considered an absolute indication for enucleation. Methods Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was used to document tumour pseudohypopion, cells in the aqueous humor, implanted clusters of cells on the corneal endothelium, iris nodules and lens capsule deposits. Results The UBM data were compared with the histopathologic analysis after enucleation and revealed a significant concordance. Conclusion UBM may represent an important diagnostic tool in retinoblastoma, particularly when the decision about enucleation of the eye, must be made in the absence of histopathologic data.