This work aims to investigate the relationship between Proust and the politics of the Third Republic through the lens of the daily press of the Belle Époque, which the writer was a voracious and dedicated reader of. Starting from the aesthetic lesson of Le Temps retrouvé, where the Proustian narrator rejects any form of positioning, whether aesthetic or political, refusing to place the work within a particular movement, this study questions the possibility, for a writer who is not necessarily engaged, of dealing with such a controversial and divisive subject as politics in a work where this topic is considered as futile because it is evoked through social conversations, anecdotes, or gossip — most of which are borrowed from the journalistic discourse of the time and attributed to the characters of the Proustian cycle. Assuming that this is possible, the work will then explore the strategies the writer employs to achieve this goal. In fact, treating politics in an oblique and allusive manner is not indicative of a supposed disinterest of the writer in such a matter, but it constitutes, instead, a coherent choice with the principles of aesthetics outlined in the «Adoration perpétuelle» episode. The choice to focus our attention on the political allusions that the writer borrows from the press is due, on the one hand, to the practical necessity of delimiting our scope of investigation, but above all, to the fact that the political dimension in Proust remains a relatively unexplored area compared to other fields of study. Additionally, the recent digitalization of the periodical press has made it possible to uncover the intense underground dialogue between the Proustian cycle and the chronicles to which Proust responds implicitly or through which he documents himself, drawing from anecdotal information as well as literary, aesthetic, philosophical, and political reflections to incorporate into his work. Such an investigation, conducted through daily newspapers, allows us to observe how the Proustian cycle, dedicated “to the search for lost time”, feeds on the current political events reported by newspapers, transforming this daily collection of the present into something timeless. The first part of the thesis will aim to place the writer within the atmosphere of his era by reconstructing his connections with politics and press. In the first chapter, we try to identify the factors that may have sparked, from the writer's youth, a particular interest in current political affairs, and to show how and to what extent these elements contributed to the conception of the Proustian cycle. The second chapter aims to provide an overview of the press of the Third Republic, in order to connect the main features of the new media writing that emerged during this period with Marcel Proust's literary and journalistic production. In the second part, we apply the theoretical notions introduced in the first chapters in order to illustrate, through concrete examples, how Proust draws on the press to explore political topics and transforms them into literary material. Starting from the identification of so-called agrammaticalités in the final text, we will expand our investigation to include the elements mentioned in the correspondence and in the drafts and then we will proceed to analyse the newspapers. The aim is twofold: to locate the journalistic sources present in the literary passages we analyse and to observe the methods and purposes for which these sources were integrated into the endogenous writing. Naturally, this is a selection of case studies that does not claim to be exhaustive, but from which we hope to draw, at the end of this work, some general considerations capable of offering valid points for reflection. For the analysis of the case studies, we adopt a socio-critical perspective, which requires a multidisciplinary approach based on the convergence of political and cultural history, source criticism, and discourse analysis. The analysis continues in the third and final part, where we examine the representations, in the Recherche, of some political characters as well as of the Republic and its institutions. These representations are likely influenced by current political events and the knowledge of constitutional law that Proust acquired during his legal studies. The analyses in the two chapters that make up the third part rely not so much on the study of sources borrowed from journalistic discourse, but rather on a combined approach of discourse analysis and sociocriticism. This approach aims to capture the critical perspective that the author has on the external world and the way this is integrated into the literary discourse.

Il presente lavoro si propone di indagare il rapporto tra Proust e la politica della Terza Repubblica attraverso il prisma della stampa quotidiana della Belle Époque, di cui lo scrittore è un lettore vorace e assiduo. A partire dalla lezione di estetica del Temps retrouvé, dove il narratore proustiano ricusa ogni forma di posizionamento, estetico o politico, rifiutando di inscrivere l’opera in una corrente o scuola particolari, il presente lavoro si interroga sulla possibilità, per uno scrittore non necessariamente engagé, di affrontare una materia così controversa e divisiva come la politica in un’opera in cui tale argomento è considerato futile poiché evocato attraverso conversazioni mondane, aneddoti o pettegolezzi, la maggior parte dei quali è presa in prestito dal discorso giornalistico dell’epoca e attribuita ai personaggi del ciclo proustiano. Ammettendo che ciò sia possibile, si indagheranno, dunque, le strategie messe in atto dallo scrittore per conseguire tale obiettivo. In effetti, il fatto di trattare la politica in maniera obliqua e allusiva, lungi dall’essere indicativo di un presunto disinteresse dello scrittore per l’attualità politica, costituirebbe, al contrario, una scelta assolutamente coerente con i principi di estetica esposti nell’«Adoration perpétuelle». La scelta di concentrarci sulle allusioni politiche che lo scrittore prenderebbe in prestito dalla stampa è dovuta, da una parte, alla necessità di ordine pratico di circoscrivere il nostro campo di indagine, ma soprattutto al fatto che la dimensione politica proustiana costituisce ancora oggi una pista poco esplorata rispetto ad altri campi di studio; inoltre, la recente digitalizzazione della stampa quotidiana dell’epoca ha permesso di portare alla luce l’intenso dialogo sotterraneo tra il ciclo proustiano e le cronache alle quali Proust risponde implicitamente o attraverso le quali si documenta, attingendovi informazioni di carattere aneddotico, ma anche spunti di riflessione letterari, estetici, filosofici e politici da inserire nella sua opera. Una simile indagine condotta attraverso la stampa quotidiana ci permetterà così di osservare il modo in cui il ciclo proustiano, dedicato “alla ricerca del tempo perduto”, si nutre dell’attualità politica di cui i giornali rendono conto, facendo di tale raccolta quotidiana del presente più immediato qualcosa di immemoriale. Nella prima parte della tesi si cercherà di collocare lo scrittore nell’atmosfera del suo tempo, attraverso la ricostruzione dei suoi legami con la politica e la stampa. Nel primo capitolo si cercheranno di individuare i fattori che possono aver suscitato, sin dalla giovinezza dello scrittore, un interesse particolare per l’attualità politica, e di mostrare come e in che misura tali elementi abbiano contribuito alla concezione del ciclo proustiano. Il secondo capitolo mira a fornire una panoramica della stampa della Terza Repubblica, al fine di poter collegare i tratti principali della nuova scrittura mediatica che si afferma in questo periodo alla produzione, letteraria e giornalistica, di Marcel Proust. Nella seconda parte, si tenterà di mettere a frutto le nozioni teoriche introdotte nel corso dei primi capitoli al fine di illustrare, attraverso esempi concreti, il modo in cui Proust attinge dalla stampa temi di riflessione politici trasformandoli in materia letteraria. A partire dall’individuazione delle cosiddette “agrammaticalità” nel testo definitivo, amplieremo la nostra indagine agli elementi menzionati nella corrispondenza e negli avantesti, e ci dedicheremo poi allo spoglio dei giornali. L’obiettivo è duplice: reperire le fonti giornalistiche presenti nei passi oggetto della nostra indagine, e osservare le modalità e le finalità per cui tali fonti sono state assimilate dalla scrittura endogenetica. Si tratta, naturalmente, di una selezione di casi di studio che non hanno alcuna pretesa esaustiva, ma da cui ci auguriamo di poter trarre, al termine di questo lavoro, delle considerazioni di carattere generale suscettibili di suggerire dei validi spunti di riflessione. Per l’analisi dei casi di studio si ricorrerà alla prospettiva sociocritica, che richiederà l’adozione di un approccio multidisciplinare basato sulla convergenza di storia politica e culturale, studio delle fonti, analisi del discorso. L’analisi proseguirà nella terza e ultima parte, in cui si prenderanno in esame le rappresentazioni a cui danno vita, nella Recherche, gli uomini di Stato nonché la Repubblica e le sue istituzioni. Le analisi oggetto dei due capitoli che compongono questa parte si appoggeranno non tanto sullo studio delle fonti prese in prestito dal discorso giornalistico, quanto piuttosto sull’approccio congiunto di analisi del discorso e sociocritica, un approccio volto a cogliere lo sguardo critico che lo scrittore ha sul mondo esterno e la maniera in cui quest’ultimo si inserisce nel discorso letterario.

Palmisano, C. (2025). Proust et la Troisième République ou comment le romancier se documente dans la presse.

Proust et la Troisième République ou comment le romancier se documente dans la presse

Palmisano, Caterina
2025-12-01

Abstract

This work aims to investigate the relationship between Proust and the politics of the Third Republic through the lens of the daily press of the Belle Époque, which the writer was a voracious and dedicated reader of. Starting from the aesthetic lesson of Le Temps retrouvé, where the Proustian narrator rejects any form of positioning, whether aesthetic or political, refusing to place the work within a particular movement, this study questions the possibility, for a writer who is not necessarily engaged, of dealing with such a controversial and divisive subject as politics in a work where this topic is considered as futile because it is evoked through social conversations, anecdotes, or gossip — most of which are borrowed from the journalistic discourse of the time and attributed to the characters of the Proustian cycle. Assuming that this is possible, the work will then explore the strategies the writer employs to achieve this goal. In fact, treating politics in an oblique and allusive manner is not indicative of a supposed disinterest of the writer in such a matter, but it constitutes, instead, a coherent choice with the principles of aesthetics outlined in the «Adoration perpétuelle» episode. The choice to focus our attention on the political allusions that the writer borrows from the press is due, on the one hand, to the practical necessity of delimiting our scope of investigation, but above all, to the fact that the political dimension in Proust remains a relatively unexplored area compared to other fields of study. Additionally, the recent digitalization of the periodical press has made it possible to uncover the intense underground dialogue between the Proustian cycle and the chronicles to which Proust responds implicitly or through which he documents himself, drawing from anecdotal information as well as literary, aesthetic, philosophical, and political reflections to incorporate into his work. Such an investigation, conducted through daily newspapers, allows us to observe how the Proustian cycle, dedicated “to the search for lost time”, feeds on the current political events reported by newspapers, transforming this daily collection of the present into something timeless. The first part of the thesis will aim to place the writer within the atmosphere of his era by reconstructing his connections with politics and press. In the first chapter, we try to identify the factors that may have sparked, from the writer's youth, a particular interest in current political affairs, and to show how and to what extent these elements contributed to the conception of the Proustian cycle. The second chapter aims to provide an overview of the press of the Third Republic, in order to connect the main features of the new media writing that emerged during this period with Marcel Proust's literary and journalistic production. In the second part, we apply the theoretical notions introduced in the first chapters in order to illustrate, through concrete examples, how Proust draws on the press to explore political topics and transforms them into literary material. Starting from the identification of so-called agrammaticalités in the final text, we will expand our investigation to include the elements mentioned in the correspondence and in the drafts and then we will proceed to analyse the newspapers. The aim is twofold: to locate the journalistic sources present in the literary passages we analyse and to observe the methods and purposes for which these sources were integrated into the endogenous writing. Naturally, this is a selection of case studies that does not claim to be exhaustive, but from which we hope to draw, at the end of this work, some general considerations capable of offering valid points for reflection. For the analysis of the case studies, we adopt a socio-critical perspective, which requires a multidisciplinary approach based on the convergence of political and cultural history, source criticism, and discourse analysis. The analysis continues in the third and final part, where we examine the representations, in the Recherche, of some political characters as well as of the Republic and its institutions. These representations are likely influenced by current political events and the knowledge of constitutional law that Proust acquired during his legal studies. The analyses in the two chapters that make up the third part rely not so much on the study of sources borrowed from journalistic discourse, but rather on a combined approach of discourse analysis and sociocriticism. This approach aims to capture the critical perspective that the author has on the external world and the way this is integrated into the literary discourse.
1-dic-2025
Fraisse, Luc (Université de Strasbourg); Komur-Thilloy, Greta (Université de Haute-Alsace)
XXXVII
Palmisano, C. (2025). Proust et la Troisième République ou comment le romancier se documente dans la presse.
Palmisano, Caterina
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1303875