An investigation on Artificial Intelligence adoption in the pharmaceutical supply chain

Effective management of the Pharma Supply Chain (PSC) is essential for the timely distribution of medications, directly influencing patient care and treatment outcomes. Following global disruptions like the recent epidemiological emergency, pharmaceutical organizations are investing in digital technologies (DT) to accelerate drug discovery, optimize research operations, and maintain the integrity of drug distribution. Among the emerging DTs, Artificial Intelligence (AI) stands out for its potential to transform the PSC, enhancing various critical processes from sourcing to consumption [1]. However, the widespread adoption of AI in the PSC faces barriers, including limited investment, data privacy concerns, regulatory hurdles, and the need for specialized expertise [2]. Collaboration among supply chain partners can be crucial to overcoming these barriers and mitigating risks associated with DT adoption [3]. Successful AI integration also depends on the technological readiness of all stakeholders. To address gaps in digital skills and experience, supporting actions and incentives are necessary to build the capacity of managers and employees at the overall supply chain level [4]. This work aims to explore the level of AI adoption within the PSC, also in synergy with other key DTs such as blockchain and drones, and the role of four key partners – goods suppliers (GSs), service providers (SPs), technology providers (TPs), and customers – in driving this process