Defining and recognising the so-called evolved phase of the Epigravettian (c. 16000 to 15000/14500 Uncal. BP; Palma di Cesnola, 1993) is still a problematic issue. Several scholars disagree with the validity of this label, and, over the years, different proposals have been put forward regarding the integration of this period into the Early or Late Epigravettian phases. In light of this debate, the present research focuses on the techno-typological study of two lithic assemblages that had been typologically attributed to the Evolved Epigravettian in previous publications: layers 9c-9c2 of Grotta Paglicci (Rignano Garganico, FG) and layer O of Grotta della Cala (Marina di Camerota, SA). Both sites are major Upper Palaeolithic stratigraphic sequences from southern Italy. This work notably focuses on the study of lithic armatures, combining technological study with the use-wear analysis, carried out with a low-power approach. Both assemblages show Early Epigravettian patterns in terms of techno-economic structuration of the lithic production. Indeed, we identified features associated with a personal gear-based model: the circulation of large blades in the form of tools that appear to have had a long life cycle, often ending up as cores for the production of bladelets; a production scheme specifically dedicated to the production of blades; and the appearance of autonomous bladelet productions. There are differences between the two lithic assemblages; the direct percussion technique with soft hammerstone is well attested at Grotta Paglicci, as opposed to the bipolar percussion on anvil that characterises the assemblage from Grotta della Cala. Furthermore, the production of elongated flakes is documented at the latter site. In both assemblages the presence of armatures with traces of hunting activity is documented by the occurrence of backed points from Grotta Paglicci and Grotta della Cala and shouldered points from Grotta della Cala. In the light of our results, and in comparison with recent research on Epigravettian assemblages from a technological perspective, it could be proposed that the Evolved Epigravettian should be considered as a specific step within the development of the Early Epigravettian, although the internal seriation of this last period remains to be precisely established.

La definizione ed il riconoscimento della fase evoluta dell'Epigravettiano (16000 -15000/14500 Uncal. BP; Palma di Cesnola, 1993) è attualmente oggetto di discussione. Diversi studiosi non sono d'accordo sulla validità di questa fase e nel corso degli anni sono state avanzate diverse proposte sulla possibilità di integrare questo periodo nelle fasi dell'Epigravettiano Antico o Finale. La presente ricerca si concentra sullo studio tecno-tipologico di due insiemi litici che in precedenti pubblicazioni sono stati attribuiti tipologicamente all'Epigravettiano Evoluto: gli strati 9c-9c2 di Grotta Paglicci (Rignano Garganico, FG) e lo strato O di Grotta della Cala (Marina di Camerota, SA). Entrambi i siti si trovano in Italia meridionale e conservano importanti sequenze stratigrafiche del Paleolitico superiore. Questo lavoro si concentra in particolare sull’esame delle armature litiche, combinando lo studio tecnologico con l'analisi delle tracce d’uso, condotta con un approccio a basso ingrandimento. I suddetti insiemi evidenziano caratteristiche riconducibili all’Epigravettiano Antico, in termini di struttura tecno-economica della produzione litica. Sono state infatti individuate caratteristiche associate a un modello basato sul personal gear: la circolazione di grandi lame sotto forma di strumenti che sembrano aver avuto una lunga storia, spesso utilizzate, in un secondo momento, come nuclei per la produzione di lamelle; uno schema produttivo specificamente dedicato alla produzione di lame; produzioni autonome lamellari. Esistono differenze tra i due insiemi litici; a Grotta Paglicci è ben attestata la tecnica della percussione diretta con il percussore in pietra tenera, in contrapposizione alla percussione bipolare su incudine che caratterizza l'insieme di Grotta della Cala. Inoltre, in quest'ultimo sito è documentata la produzione di schegge allungate. In entrambe le industrie la presenza di armature con tracce riconducibili ad un loro uso in campo venatorio come proiettili è documentata dalla presenza di punte a dorso a Grotta Paglicci e Grotta della Cala e di punte a cran a Grotta della Cala. Alla luce dei risultati ottenuti nel presente lavoro e sulla base dei confronti con altri insiemi litici epigravettiani oggetto di studi tecnologici recenti, si propone per le industrie degli strati 9c-9c2 di Grotta Paglicci e dello strato O di Grotta della Cala un’attribuzione ad una fase specifica all'interno dello sviluppo dell'Epigravettiano antico, anche se la seriazione interna di quest'ultimo periodo rimane da stabilire con precisione.

Rossini, M. (2024). Hunting strategies and behavioural dynamics of Early Epigravettian hunters-gatherers in Southern Italy. Lithic analysis: reconstruction of reduction sequences connected to projectile weapons at the cave sites of Grotta Paglicci and Grotta della Cala..

Hunting strategies and behavioural dynamics of Early Epigravettian hunters-gatherers in Southern Italy. Lithic analysis: reconstruction of reduction sequences connected to projectile weapons at the cave sites of Grotta Paglicci and Grotta della Cala.

Rossini, Matteo
2024-05-29

Abstract

Defining and recognising the so-called evolved phase of the Epigravettian (c. 16000 to 15000/14500 Uncal. BP; Palma di Cesnola, 1993) is still a problematic issue. Several scholars disagree with the validity of this label, and, over the years, different proposals have been put forward regarding the integration of this period into the Early or Late Epigravettian phases. In light of this debate, the present research focuses on the techno-typological study of two lithic assemblages that had been typologically attributed to the Evolved Epigravettian in previous publications: layers 9c-9c2 of Grotta Paglicci (Rignano Garganico, FG) and layer O of Grotta della Cala (Marina di Camerota, SA). Both sites are major Upper Palaeolithic stratigraphic sequences from southern Italy. This work notably focuses on the study of lithic armatures, combining technological study with the use-wear analysis, carried out with a low-power approach. Both assemblages show Early Epigravettian patterns in terms of techno-economic structuration of the lithic production. Indeed, we identified features associated with a personal gear-based model: the circulation of large blades in the form of tools that appear to have had a long life cycle, often ending up as cores for the production of bladelets; a production scheme specifically dedicated to the production of blades; and the appearance of autonomous bladelet productions. There are differences between the two lithic assemblages; the direct percussion technique with soft hammerstone is well attested at Grotta Paglicci, as opposed to the bipolar percussion on anvil that characterises the assemblage from Grotta della Cala. Furthermore, the production of elongated flakes is documented at the latter site. In both assemblages the presence of armatures with traces of hunting activity is documented by the occurrence of backed points from Grotta Paglicci and Grotta della Cala and shouldered points from Grotta della Cala. In the light of our results, and in comparison with recent research on Epigravettian assemblages from a technological perspective, it could be proposed that the Evolved Epigravettian should be considered as a specific step within the development of the Early Epigravettian, although the internal seriation of this last period remains to be precisely established.
29-mag-2024
Tomasso, Antonin
XXXVI
Rossini, M. (2024). Hunting strategies and behavioural dynamics of Early Epigravettian hunters-gatherers in Southern Italy. Lithic analysis: reconstruction of reduction sequences connected to projectile weapons at the cave sites of Grotta Paglicci and Grotta della Cala..
Rossini, Matteo
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1261112