A multilevel analysis of the technological impact of University-SME joint innovations

This paper analyses the determinants of the technological impact of R&D collaborations between universities and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Specifically, by adopting a multi-level approach, we reveal the significant role played by university specialization, and by cognitive, social, and institutional proximity between the partnering organizations. In addition, we show that technological impact of R&D collaborations is affected also by local specialized spillovers, which may exert a differentiated impact on SME and university. Our findings provide useful insights for the selection of partnering organizations, and may support the redefinition of policies related to the role of universities in regional development.