Influenza is a respiratory disease caused by RNA viruses include within the Orthomixoviridae family. They have been differentiated into influenza viruses of type A, B, C, and D, but only those of type A and B are responsible of seasonal epidemics. Clinically, influenza illness occurs with fever, cough, headache and cold, but severe complications can arise that could lead to hospitalization and death, especially in risky subjects such as elderly and children. In fact, it is estimated that, every year, the influenza virus causes epidemics in the human population with a percentage of cases of infection of 5% -20% in adults and 20% -30% in children. Because of their extreme genetic variability and ability to evade the immune response in the host, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a system of influenza surveillance with the aim of highlighting the different strains that circulate each year, in order to update the composition of the vaccines on the market every season. Moreover, the main international public health authorities recognize vaccination as the main prevention weapon to limit transmission in the population. The aim of this thesis work is to observe the immune response induced by some vaccines developed against influenza viruses of the 2014/2015 and 2016/2017 season, in two different clinical studies and two different age groups. The first study was conducted during the 2014/2015 influenza season on two groups of adults, classified by age. In particular, the first, includes subjects aged between 18 and 60, the second, subjects over the age of 60, for a total of 1980 subjects, analyzed in pre vaccination (visit 1) and and following of administration of a singol dose of a inactivated vaccine (visit 2) for influenza strains: -A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) -A/Texas/50/2012 (H3N2) -B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage) -B/Massachusetts/02/2012 (Yamagata lineage) The main objective is to: -Evaluate the immunogenicity of the vaccine in adults and elderly, analyzing the antibody titres, obtained through haemagglutination inhibition assay (HI) and microneutralization test (MN), in terms of seroprotection, seroconversion and increase of the geometric mean of the titre  Observe the correlation between the methods. The second study was conducted during the 2016/2017 influenza season on children and adolescents between 3 and 17 years, for a total of 1200 subjects, analyzed after administration of a first dose of inactivated vaccine (visit 1) and after the second dose (visit 2) for influenza strains: -A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) -A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 (H3N2) -B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage) -B/Phuket/3073/2013 (Yamagata lineage) The main objective is to: -Evaluate the immunogenicity of the vaccine in children and adolescents, analyzing the antibody titres, obtained through haemagglutination inhibition assay (HI) inhibition serological tests, microneutralization test (MN) and ELLA (Enzyme Linked-Lectin Assay) test, in terms of seroprotection, seroconversion and increase of the geometric mean of the titre -Observe the correlation between the methods The results obtained in both clinical studies showed a good response to the vaccines for both age groups and a good correlation between serological methods.

Frattari, F. (2019). Valutazione della risposta immunitaria umorale contro virus influenzali della stagione 2014/2015 e 2016/2017.

Valutazione della risposta immunitaria umorale contro virus influenzali della stagione 2014/2015 e 2016/2017

Frattari, F
2019-01-01

Abstract

Influenza is a respiratory disease caused by RNA viruses include within the Orthomixoviridae family. They have been differentiated into influenza viruses of type A, B, C, and D, but only those of type A and B are responsible of seasonal epidemics. Clinically, influenza illness occurs with fever, cough, headache and cold, but severe complications can arise that could lead to hospitalization and death, especially in risky subjects such as elderly and children. In fact, it is estimated that, every year, the influenza virus causes epidemics in the human population with a percentage of cases of infection of 5% -20% in adults and 20% -30% in children. Because of their extreme genetic variability and ability to evade the immune response in the host, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a system of influenza surveillance with the aim of highlighting the different strains that circulate each year, in order to update the composition of the vaccines on the market every season. Moreover, the main international public health authorities recognize vaccination as the main prevention weapon to limit transmission in the population. The aim of this thesis work is to observe the immune response induced by some vaccines developed against influenza viruses of the 2014/2015 and 2016/2017 season, in two different clinical studies and two different age groups. The first study was conducted during the 2014/2015 influenza season on two groups of adults, classified by age. In particular, the first, includes subjects aged between 18 and 60, the second, subjects over the age of 60, for a total of 1980 subjects, analyzed in pre vaccination (visit 1) and and following of administration of a singol dose of a inactivated vaccine (visit 2) for influenza strains: -A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) -A/Texas/50/2012 (H3N2) -B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage) -B/Massachusetts/02/2012 (Yamagata lineage) The main objective is to: -Evaluate the immunogenicity of the vaccine in adults and elderly, analyzing the antibody titres, obtained through haemagglutination inhibition assay (HI) and microneutralization test (MN), in terms of seroprotection, seroconversion and increase of the geometric mean of the titre  Observe the correlation between the methods. The second study was conducted during the 2016/2017 influenza season on children and adolescents between 3 and 17 years, for a total of 1200 subjects, analyzed after administration of a first dose of inactivated vaccine (visit 1) and after the second dose (visit 2) for influenza strains: -A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) -A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 (H3N2) -B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage) -B/Phuket/3073/2013 (Yamagata lineage) The main objective is to: -Evaluate the immunogenicity of the vaccine in children and adolescents, analyzing the antibody titres, obtained through haemagglutination inhibition assay (HI) inhibition serological tests, microneutralization test (MN) and ELLA (Enzyme Linked-Lectin Assay) test, in terms of seroprotection, seroconversion and increase of the geometric mean of the titre -Observe the correlation between the methods The results obtained in both clinical studies showed a good response to the vaccines for both age groups and a good correlation between serological methods.
2019
Vitale, Licia (Vismederi srl)
Frattari, F. (2019). Valutazione della risposta immunitaria umorale contro virus influenzali della stagione 2014/2015 e 2016/2017.
Frattari, F
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1071744
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