The Preliminary Question of the Nature of the Rights Infringed by IDCHH. Individual, Collective or Group Rights

There are at least five different actors whose rights are affected by IDCHH. They are the international community as a whole; the peoples of regional organizations; States and national peoples; ethnic, racial, minority, linguistic or religious communities or groups; and individuals. For each of such entities IDCHH assumes specific characterizations and raises special problems, including in terms of access to reparations. Over the last two or three decades, the international community has accomplished important steps in this respect, especially thanks to Article 75 of the ICC Statute and to the connection that has been recognized as existing between protection of cultural heritage and human rights. However, the level and concrete opportunities of access to justice and to reparations by the victims affected by IDCHH should be further improved.