The possibility of increasing the payload of 1-bit watermarks through PPM encoding is analyzed from a theoretical point of view. By relying on the performance of the 1-bit watermarking system at the basis of the augmented payload algorithm, a method to upper bound the bit error probability both in the absence and presence of attacks is described. The possibility of giving an assessment on whether a given image is watermarked or not is also taken into account. Particular attention is paid to validate the theoretical analysis through experimental results. Experiments also permit to extend the analysis to cases which deviate significantly from the mathematical models. A method to speed up the recovery of position-encoded information is also described, which makes it feasible the optimum recovery of position-encoded information even for non-additive watermarking.

R., B., Barni, M., F., B., V., C. (2001). From watermark detection to watermark decoding: a PPM approach. SIGNAL PROCESSING, 81(6), 1261-1271 [10.1016/S0165-1684(01)00043-3].

From watermark detection to watermark decoding: a PPM approach

BARNI, MAURO;
2001-01-01

Abstract

The possibility of increasing the payload of 1-bit watermarks through PPM encoding is analyzed from a theoretical point of view. By relying on the performance of the 1-bit watermarking system at the basis of the augmented payload algorithm, a method to upper bound the bit error probability both in the absence and presence of attacks is described. The possibility of giving an assessment on whether a given image is watermarked or not is also taken into account. Particular attention is paid to validate the theoretical analysis through experimental results. Experiments also permit to extend the analysis to cases which deviate significantly from the mathematical models. A method to speed up the recovery of position-encoded information is also described, which makes it feasible the optimum recovery of position-encoded information even for non-additive watermarking.
2001
R., B., Barni, M., F., B., V., C. (2001). From watermark detection to watermark decoding: a PPM approach. SIGNAL PROCESSING, 81(6), 1261-1271 [10.1016/S0165-1684(01)00043-3].
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
1-s2.0-S0165168401000433-main.pdf

non disponibili

Tipologia: Post-print
Licenza: NON PUBBLICO - Accesso privato/ristretto
Dimensione 271.84 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
271.84 kB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri   Richiedi una copia

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11365/33543
 Attenzione

Attenzione! I dati visualizzati non sono stati sottoposti a validazione da parte dell'ateneo