Experimental evidences for chaotic dynamics in the roar of the Cervus Elaphus corsicanus

In spite of its apparent complexity and randomness, time evolution of nonlinear dynamical systems can be often described by resorting to a low number of degrees of freedom. This is the case of mechanical apparatuses as well as of biological activities such as cell cycles and organs physiology. With reference to the latter, nonlinear phenomena and chaos have been also proven to occur in the vocal emission of living organisms as a result of both the vocal apparatus physiology and the turbulent fluid dynamics. The complexity of the vocal emissions and their apparent correlation with the social behaviours displayed make the Cervus Elaphus Corsicanus one interesting case. The nonlinear dynamics techniques used to characterise vocalisation dynamics provide direct experimental evidence for the occurrence of chaos in the vocalising behaviour of Cervus Elaphus Corsicanus.