Acclimatization of Poecilia reticulata (Peters, 1859) and Xiphophorus maculatus (Gunther, 1866) (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) in central Italy

Here we investigated the population structure of two poeciliid species, Poecilia reticulata (Peters, 1859) and Xiphophorus maculatus (Günther, 1866), discovered in a small pool fed by a subthermal spring in Tuscany (Le Caldane, Siena province), in order to ascertain whether or not they can be regarded as established. This goal is of special interest because acclimatization of Xiphophorus maculatus would be the first case reported in Europe and that of Poecilia reticulata the second case in Italy.