Rules and Moral Norms in Sports

First, as a foundation for the other parts, aims and secondary effects of sports are explored (1.) and the general concepts of 'norm' and 'moral norm' are defined (2.). Then various kinds of rules and norms in sports are differentiated: primary and secondary, punishing rules etc. (3.). The following parts are devoted to applied ethics: Several components and types of fairness are analyzed as to what extent they are demanded by moral norms. Formal fairness and fairness as generosity are moral duties, whereas striving for equal chances per se is not (4.). Finally some possibilities of morally reforming sports and its norms are discussed (5.).